Greenhouse Effect and Chlorofluorocarbons Essay
Greenhouse Effect and Chlorofluorocarbons Essay
Please see the attached files for the instructions and report template for the semester project.
Read the “What am I supposed to do” document to get an idea of what the project involves.
The “Instructions in detail” document has the step-by-step instructions.
You are required to work on the project individuallyThere are parts in the project where you can collaborate with your partner(s). These are the in Experimental component.
After you finish, please submit the completed “Project_Report_Outline” document to this link.
Make sure the documents you submit are correct, and can be opened in eCampus.
Documents that cannot be opened in eCampus (e.g., files with errors or with .pages extensions) will unfortunately not earn a grade.
Explanation & Answer length: 12 pages9 attachmentsSlide 1 of 9
UNFORMATTED ATTACHMENT PREVIEW
Dallas College Physics Project: Planet Earth Instructions Write a 700 to 1,500-word paper (project report) in APA style describing what the greenhouse effect is, and its role in climate change. Discuss how human activity contributes to increased atmospheric greenhouse gas levels. Discuss measures we can take to preserve our planet for future generations. Support your statements with at least three in-text citations in APA style. The paper should have the following sections: 1. Title 2. Introduction: background information, explanation of the science of the greenhouse effect. 3. Materials needed: list the things needed to do the project 4. Procedure: briefly outline the steps for doing the project. 5. Results: tables, and graphs summarizing findings. These should have captions. 6. Discussion: discuss and explain the main findings and outcomes. 7. Conclusion: what is the main take-home message? 8. References: list all sources in APA style. Grading Rubric (writing part) 1. All eight of the above sections completed as required: 30% 2. Science accurately and adequately described: 30% 3. Language, grammar, and spelling: 30% 4. At least three relevant in-text citations in APA style: 10% ACW Online Writing Support The Academic Center for Writing (The Ink Spot) will continue to provide online instructional support pertaining to all stages of the writing process (pre-writing, composing, revising, and editing) for all Dallas College students in any class with a writing assignment of any kind. Any student who needs writing support may submit their requests to: mvcwritingcenter@dcccd.edu and we will provide detailed feedback via email. The complete process is listed below. Writing specialists are available Monday through Friday from 8:00AM-5:00PM. Requests made outside operating hours will be first priority the next business day. Steps to Get Online Writing Support: 1. Submit all requests for feedback ONLY to mvcwritingcenter@dcccd.edu Requests MUST include assignment information, especially the prompt and rubric. a. Initial requests should also specify any particular areas of concern in your writing, from yourself or your professor, such as thesis, in-text citations, paragraph development, or organization. b. All documents must be sent as MS-Word (.doc/.docx) attachments. We cannot open PDFs for editing nor access shared files in Outlook 365. 2. You will receive a confirmation email once your request has been received. a. Response will include any requests for any additional information necessary, as well as an approximate timeframe to expect feedback. b. When necessary, you will need to send any other required information prior to receiving feedback. 3. Once a writing specialist has finished going over your assignment, you will receive a second email containing their detailed feedback (within the timeframe provided in the initial response to your request for feedback). 4. DO NOT EMAIL WRITING SPECIALISTS DIRECTLY; YOUR REQUEST WILL BE REJECTED. 5. DO NOT SUBMIT WORK FOR A SECOND REVIEW WITHOUT FIRST IMPLEMENTING THE SUGGESTED CHANGES FROM PREVIOUS CONSULTATIONS 6. LIMIT REQUESTS TO TWO (2) PER DAY. ** Virtual appointments can be requested with 24-hour notice by email. ** In-person appointments are available using the Dallas College safety protocols in place when the request is made (currently LibCal and Appian). Thank you for letting us continue to help Dallas College students become better writers! PHYS Course, Section: ___ Semester, Year Name: Partner’s name(s): Please put “Worked alone” if you did not have a partner and worked alone. Have you completed this project before in a previous semester? _____ If so, please give the course, semester, and year: ______ This is the document you need to submit. Please follow the prompts in this document to complete the required sections. After you finish, please remove the prompts, but leave the section headings in place. It is recommended that you use the same font style used this document (Arial, 12 size, black font color, 1.5 line spacing). Save your completed report and submit it on eCampus as a .docx or .pdf file. After you submit, please make sure it can be opened on eCampus. Note: this project seeks to evaluate your personal writing, quantitative, critical thinking, speaking etc. skills. It is therefore an individual effort. The parts where you can collaborate with your group partner are some parts of the Experimental component, your carbon footprints and remedial actions. Title (add title in title case here) Introduction Background information; include science concepts related to the project. Include in-text citations in APA style (Last names of authors, Year) to support your statements. Mention what the greenhouse effect is, and how it causes climate change. You can include how human activity contributes to the greenhouse effect and climate change. Include references to support your statements. The MVC library can help you with this. https://www.mountainviewcollege.edu/services/academicsupport/library/pages/default.aspx Materials needed List the materials needed to do this project. For example, list of websites in APA style, other resources that are needed, etc. An example is: Carbon Footprint Calculator (Environmental Protection Agency, 2016). 1 Procedure Briefly describe in a few lines the procedure for the project. This should give the newcomer a fairly good idea about how to do your project. Step-by-step instructions are easier for the newcomer to follow. Results Paste carbon footprint tables here. Write a few words describing what the tables are in the table caption/legend. For examples and explanations about captions, please see: http://abacus.bates.edu/~ganderso/biology/resources/writing/HTWtablefigs.html Paste your indicators of climate change graphs here. Write a few words describing what the graphs are in their figure captions. List any other important results or outcomes. Discussion In one or two paragraphs, interpret and clarify your results for the reader. Discuss, and highlight what you think are the important outcomes/lessons learned from your project. What is the significance of these lessons/outcomes, why should we make note of them? Conclusion A few words summarizing what you conclude from your project. What is the take-home message (the most important message) that the reader should get? References List your references here. Below, are examples of references listed in APA style. You will need to use your own references. 1. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (2017.). What is Climate Change? Retrieved from https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/stories/nasaknows/what-is-climate-change-k4.html 2. Hewitt, P. G., Suchocki, J., and Hewitt, L.A. (2017). Conceptual Physical Science (6th ed.). Glenview, IL: Pearson. 3. Wikipedia (2019). Carbon footprint. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_footprint. 2 Quantitative section Copy-paste all the questions and your answers to those questions from the Quantitative component document here. Experimental section 1. Add evidence (a picture) here showing that you participated in at least one sustainable activity this semester. Sustainable activities are ones that support or help the environment. Examples are recycling, planting trees, carpooling, reducing energy consumption, community action, contributing to or donating to an Earth-friendly organization, etc. Please take precautions when you participate in these activities to prevent spread of the coronavirus. 2. Add a screenshot of your GLOBE Clouds Observer homepage showing the total number of observations you submitted. You need to have submitted at least one clouds observation this semester. Teamwork 1. Communicate with your group partner about strategies and choices you can make towards a sustainable lifestyle. Please enter your teamwork summary below. If you did not have a partner, then put “Worked alone” here and leave this section blank. 1. Group partner’s name: 2. What did you learn from this group partner about making sustainable lifestyle choices? 3. On a scale of 0 to 4 (0 being the least to 4 being the best), how would you rate this team member for the qualities listed below. Please use the attached file “AACU Rubric for Teamwork” for your evaluation. The point values are explained in detail in this rubric: a) Involvement in team meetings, contribution to discussions. 3 b) Promotes or facilitates the contribution of team members. Encourages people who are not participating, to become involved. c) Works independently on the project. Completes assignments on time. Helps others in the team complete their tasks on time. d) Fosters a constructive team climate. Treats team members with respect. Uses positive language, tone, and attitude. Provides motivation and encouragement. e) Responds to conflict. Helps manage and resolve conflict, to build cohesiveness and strength in the team. For the instructor/grader (please do not delete this table): Component Points possible Writing 50 Quantitative 20 Experimental 30 Total 100 4 Points earned What am I supposed to do for the project? For the project, you will need to: 1. Estimate your greenhouse gas emissions based on your energy use. Please go to the following EPA website, and answer a few questions to get this estimate. Copy the estimated values into the tables provided on pages 3 and 4 in the attached “Instructions in Detail” document. Paste these completed tables in the “Results” section of your project report. https://www3.epa.gov/carbon-footprint-calculator/ 2. Make three graphs for the indicators of climate change (temperature, sea level, and Annual Greenhouse Gas Index) and paste them in the “Results” section of your report. The instructions for making these graphs and their websites are on pages 5 and 6 of the attached “Instructions in Detail” document. 3. Complete the “Quantitative Component” which are a few Math questions found in the attached “Quantitative Component” document and paste it into the “Quantitative” section of your report. 4. Add a picture showing participation in at least one sustainable activity this semester (e.g., recycling) to the “Experimental” section of your report. 5. Add a screenshot of your GLOBE Clouds home page to the “Experimental” section of your report. You need at least one clouds observation this semester. 6. Write a 700 to 1,500-word paper (project report) in APA style describing what the greenhouse effect is and how human activity contributes to it. The “Project Report Outline” document has the template you need to complete this report. Note: the greenhouse effect occurs when gases such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere trap heat that would otherwise escape to space. This warms the planet. 7. Before you submit your written report, you are urged to email it to the MVC Writing Center for a spelling and grammar check. This service is free, and their email address is: mvcwritingcenter@dcccd.edu 8. If you have done this project in a previous semester, then please follow the instructions in the “Project done before” document. Thank you, good luck, wish you an enjoyable project experience, and thank you for helping our planet! Semester Project: Planet Earth Instructions if project has already been done in a previous semester If you have already done this project in a previous physics course at Mountain View, then please do the following: 1. Participate in a different sustainable activity than last time. 2. In your project report, add a section (about 2 paragraphs) on clean energy sources. Clean energy sources (also called renewable or carbon-neutral energy sources) include hydroelectric, geothermal, wind, solar, waves, tides, biofuels, and hydrogen. 3. Please submit at least one GLOBE cloud observation. Instructions on how to submit a cloud observation are below. 4. Complete the three indicators of climate change graphs. For temperature, please use January as the month. You may also compare plots for temperatures in January to those in July. 5. Add a paragraph in the “Discussion” section about how the lifetime of CO 2 in the atmosphere can affect future generations. CO2 can last in our atmosphere for thousands of years, please see page 7 of the “Instructions in Detail” document for more information. OR Add a paragraph in the “Discussion” section about the implications of sea level rise. The Smithsonian Institution has useful information on this topic: https://ocean.si.edu/through-time/ancient-seas/sea-level-rise 6. Complete the extra problems related the Quantitative section given below (sea level rise). Paste these extra problems to the remaining questions and answers in the quantitative section. Make sure you have answered all the questions in the quantitative section, since some questions may have changed, or new questions may have been added. 7. Complete all the other sections of the semester project as usual. You may reuse the parts you have already completed. See item 8 below for more information. 8. How to write the new report: you can edit your previous project report to reflect the new things you learned from your research this semester. This means, you do not need to rewrite the entire project, you 1 can edit the relevant parts of it to update your report. You can add additional in-text citations, and references as necessary. Also, please feel free to explore any additional topics you may have learned about and got interested in while working on your project this semester. Make sure you incorporate the instructor’s corrections and comments from your graded report from last semester. After you have done these things, your report will be a more informative, improved version of your previous report. 9. Please have your project checked for language, spelling, and grammar by the MVC Writing Center: mvcwritingcenter@dcccd.edu Quantitative component extra problem on sea level rise The graph above (thick black wavy line) shows the change in average global sea level since 1880. 2 Q1. If the sea level in the year 1910 was 0 meters, and the level in year 1980 was 0.15 meters. What is the average rate of change in the sea level per year in the units of meters/year, between the years 1910 and 1980? Hint: find the slope of the thick black line. Please show your calculations. Answer: Q2. If the sea level for any year (t) can be found using the following equation: h = 0.0021(t) – 4.011 where h is the sea level in meters, and t is the year. What will the sea level be (in meters), in the years listed below? Hint: substitute the year in place of t in the above equation and calculate h. a) 2000? b) 2050? c) 2150? Answer: Please show your calculations References 1. Odenwald, S. (n.d.). Space Math @ NASA. Retrieved from https://spacemath.gsfc.nasa.gov/SpaceMath.html GLOBE observer program. NASA is doing research on changes in our atmosphere. As part of this research, NASA is studying the differences between clouds and aerosols (particles in the atmosphere such as dust, chemicals, and smoke). NASA needs your help with this research. The procedure is simple and does not take much time. 1. Download and install the GLOBE Observer app on your smartphone at: https://observer.globe.gov/about/get-the-app You can search for this app on your phone’s app store. 3 2. After you download the app, register yourself as a user using your email address and location. Start the app and submit observations of clouds in the sky. The app will guide you with what needs to be done step by step. You will need to select the types of clouds seen, the weather conditions, etc. There is a cloud identification chart to help (please see below). The data you submit will be used by NASA to study how our atmosphere is changing. Tips on how to submit observations are available at the following website: https://www.globe.gov/web/s-cool/home/observation-and-reporting/globe-observer-tipsand-tricks You can submit up to 10 observations per day. At the end of the semester, take a picture/screen capture of the total observations you made on your phone, and add it to the “Experimental section” of your semester project report. The number of total observations is available on the Clouds home page. To get to this number, you would need to open your app, then click on “Clouds.” The number of observations made will be listed inside the small white picture of a cloud at the top of this home page. More information is available at these links: https://observer.globe.gov/do-globe-observer/clouds/making-cloud-observations https://observer.globe.gov/ https://www.globe.gov/documents/348614/24331082/GLOBE+Cloud+Chart https://www.globe.gov/web/s-cool/home/family-cloud-resources/family-cloud-challenge 4 The following NOVA website has fun videos and games where you can learn about clouds. There are also hundreds of pictures of clouds for you to practice identifying them. If you do not want to register with your information, you can access this website using the “Guest Pass” option. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/labs/lab/cloud/ Thank you, good luck, and wish you an enjoyable project experience! 5 PHYS Course, Section: ___ Semester, Year Name: Partner’s name(s): Please put “Worked alone” if you did not have a partner and worked alone. Have you completed this project before in a previous semester? _____ If so, please give the course, semester, and year: ______ This is the document you need to submit. Please follow the prompts in this document to complete the required sections. After you finish, please remove the prompts, but leave the section headings in place. It is recommended that you use the same font style used this document (Arial, 12 size, black font color, 1.5 line spacing). Save your completed report and submit it on eCampus as a .docx or .pdf file. After you submit, please make sure it can be opened on eCampus. Note: this project seeks to evaluate your personal writing, quantitative, critical thinking, speaking etc. skills. It is therefore an individual effort. The parts where you can collaborate with your group partner are some parts of the Experimental component, your carbon footprints and remedial actions. Title (add title in title case here) Introduction Background information; include science concepts related to the project. Include in-text citations in APA style (Last names of authors, Year) to support your statements. Mention what the greenhouse effect is, and how it causes climate change. You can include how human activity contributes to the greenhouse effect and climate change. Include references to support your statements. The MVC library can help you with this. https://www.mountainviewcollege.edu/services/academicsupport/library/pages/default.aspx Materials needed List the materials needed to do this project. For example, list of websites in APA style, other resources that are needed, etc. An example is: Carbon Footprint Calculator (Environmental Protection Agency, 2016). 1 Procedure Briefly describe in a few lines the procedure for the project. This should give the newcomer a fairly good idea about how to do your project. Step-by-step instructions are easier for the newcomer to follow. Results Paste carbon footprint tables here. Write a few words describing what the tables are in the table caption/legend. For examples and explanations about captions, please see: http://abacus.bates.edu/~ganderso/biology/resources/writing/HTWtablefigs.html Paste your indicators of climate change graphs here. Write a few words describing what the graphs are in their figure captions. List any other important results or outcomes. Discussion In one or two paragraphs, interpret and clarify your results for the reader. Discuss, and highlight what you think are the important outcomes/lessons learned from your project. What is the significance of these lessons/outcomes, why should we make not…
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Greenhouse Effect and Chlorofluorocarbons Essay
Please see the attached files for the instructions and report template for the semester project.
Read the “What am I supposed to do” document to get an idea of what the project involves.
The “Instructions in detail” document has the step-by-step instructions.
You are required to work on the project individuallyThere are parts in the project where you can collaborate with your partner(s). These are the in Experimental component.
After you finish, please submit the completed “Project_Report_Outline” document to this link.
Make sure the documents you submit are correct, and can be opened in eCampus.
Documents that cannot be opened in eCampus (e.g., files with errors or with .pages extensions) will unfortunately not earn a grade.
Explanation & Answer length: 12 pages9 attachmentsSlide 1 of 9
UNFORMATTED ATTACHMENT PREVIEW
Dallas College Physics Project: Planet Earth Instructions Write a 700 to 1,500-word paper (project report) in APA style describing what the greenhouse effect is, and its role in climate change. Discuss how human activity contributes to increased atmospheric greenhouse gas levels. Discuss measures we can take to preserve our planet for future generations. Support your statements with at least three in-text citations in APA style. The paper should have the following sections: 1. Title 2. Introduction: background information, explanation of the science of the greenhouse effect. 3. Materials needed: list the things needed to do the project 4. Procedure: briefly outline the steps for doing the project. 5. Results: tables, and graphs summarizing findings. These should have captions. 6. Discussion: discuss and explain the main findings and outcomes. 7. Conclusion: what is the main take-home message? 8. References: list all sources in APA style. Grading Rubric (writing part) 1. All eight of the above sections completed as required: 30% 2. Science accurately and adequately described: 30% 3. Language, grammar, and spelling: 30% 4. At least three relevant in-text citations in APA style: 10% ACW Online Writing Support The Academic Center for Writing (The Ink Spot) will continue to provide online instructional support pertaining to all stages of the writing process (pre-writing, composing, revising, and editing) for all Dallas College students in any class with a writing assignment of any kind. Any student who needs writing support may submit their requests to: mvcwritingcenter@dcccd.edu and we will provide detailed feedback via email. The complete process is listed below. Writing specialists are available Monday through Friday from 8:00AM-5:00PM. Requests made outside operating hours will be first priority the next business day. Steps to Get Online Writing Support: 1. Submit all requests for feedback ONLY to mvcwritingcenter@dcccd.edu Requests MUST include assignment information, especially the prompt and rubric. a. Initial requests should also specify any particular areas of concern in your writing, from yourself or your professor, such as thesis, in-text citations, paragraph development, or organization. b. All documents must be sent as MS-Word (.doc/.docx) attachments. We cannot open PDFs for editing nor access shared files in Outlook 365. 2. You will receive a confirmation email once your request has been received. a. Response will include any requests for any additional information necessary, as well as an approximate timeframe to expect feedback. b. When necessary, you will need to send any other required information prior to receiving feedback. 3. Once a writing specialist has finished going over your assignment, you will receive a second email containing their detailed feedback (within the timeframe provided in the initial response to your request for feedback). 4. DO NOT EMAIL WRITING SPECIALISTS DIRECTLY; YOUR REQUEST WILL BE REJECTED. 5. DO NOT SUBMIT WORK FOR A SECOND REVIEW WITHOUT FIRST IMPLEMENTING THE SUGGESTED CHANGES FROM PREVIOUS CONSULTATIONS 6. LIMIT REQUESTS TO TWO (2) PER DAY. ** Virtual appointments can be requested with 24-hour notice by email. ** In-person appointments are available using the Dallas College safety protocols in place when the request is made (currently LibCal and Appian). Thank you for letting us continue to help Dallas College students become better writers! PHYS Course, Section: ___ Semester, Year Name: Partner’s name(s): Please put “Worked alone” if you did not have a partner and worked alone. Have you completed this project before in a previous semester? _____ If so, please give the course, semester, and year: ______ This is the document you need to submit. Please follow the prompts in this document to complete the required sections. After you finish, please remove the prompts, but leave the section headings in place. It is recommended that you use the same font style used this document (Arial, 12 size, black font color, 1.5 line spacing). Save your completed report and submit it on eCampus as a .docx or .pdf file. After you submit, please make sure it can be opened on eCampus. Note: this project seeks to evaluate your personal writing, quantitative, critical thinking, speaking etc. skills. It is therefore an individual effort. The parts where you can collaborate with your group partner are some parts of the Experimental component, your carbon footprints and remedial actions. Title (add title in title case here) Introduction Background information; include science concepts related to the project. Include in-text citations in APA style (Last names of authors, Year) to support your statements. Mention what the greenhouse effect is, and how it causes climate change. You can include how human activity contributes to the greenhouse effect and climate change. Include references to support your statements. The MVC library can help you with this. https://www.mountainviewcollege.edu/services/academicsupport/library/pages/default.aspx Materials needed List the materials needed to do this project. For example, list of websites in APA style, other resources that are needed, etc. An example is: Carbon Footprint Calculator (Environmental Protection Agency, 2016). 1 Procedure Briefly describe in a few lines the procedure for the project. This should give the newcomer a fairly good idea about how to do your project. Step-by-step instructions are easier for the newcomer to follow. Results Paste carbon footprint tables here. Write a few words describing what the tables are in the table caption/legend. For examples and explanations about captions, please see: http://abacus.bates.edu/~ganderso/biology/resources/writing/HTWtablefigs.html Paste your indicators of climate change graphs here. Write a few words describing what the graphs are in their figure captions. List any other important results or outcomes. Discussion In one or two paragraphs, interpret and clarify your results for the reader. Discuss, and highlight what you think are the important outcomes/lessons learned from your project. What is the significance of these lessons/outcomes, why should we make note of them? Conclusion A few words summarizing what you conclude from your project. What is the take-home message (the most important message) that the reader should get? References List your references here. Below, are examples of references listed in APA style. You will need to use your own references. 1. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (2017.). What is Climate Change? Retrieved from https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/stories/nasaknows/what-is-climate-change-k4.html 2. Hewitt, P. G., Suchocki, J., and Hewitt, L.A. (2017). Conceptual Physical Science (6th ed.). Glenview, IL: Pearson. 3. Wikipedia (2019). Carbon footprint. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_footprint. 2 Quantitative section Copy-paste all the questions and your answers to those questions from the Quantitative component document here. Experimental section 1. Add evidence (a picture) here showing that you participated in at least one sustainable activity this semester. Sustainable activities are ones that support or help the environment. Examples are recycling, planting trees, carpooling, reducing energy consumption, community action, contributing to or donating to an Earth-friendly organization, etc. Please take precautions when you participate in these activities to prevent spread of the coronavirus. 2. Add a screenshot of your GLOBE Clouds Observer homepage showing the total number of observations you submitted. You need to have submitted at least one clouds observation this semester. Teamwork 1. Communicate with your group partner about strategies and choices you can make towards a sustainable lifestyle. Please enter your teamwork summary below. If you did not have a partner, then put “Worked alone” here and leave this section blank. 1. Group partner’s name: 2. What did you learn from this group partner about making sustainable lifestyle choices? 3. On a scale of 0 to 4 (0 being the least to 4 being the best), how would you rate this team member for the qualities listed below. Please use the attached file “AACU Rubric for Teamwork” for your evaluation. The point values are explained in detail in this rubric: a) Involvement in team meetings, contribution to discussions. 3 b) Promotes or facilitates the contribution of team members. Encourages people who are not participating, to become involved. c) Works independently on the project. Completes assignments on time. Helps others in the team complete their tasks on time. d) Fosters a constructive team climate. Treats team members with respect. Uses positive language, tone, and attitude. Provides motivation and encouragement. e) Responds to conflict. Helps manage and resolve conflict, to build cohesiveness and strength in the team. For the instructor/grader (please do not delete this table): Component Points possible Writing 50 Quantitative 20 Experimental 30 Total 100 4 Points earned What am I supposed to do for the project? For the project, you will need to: 1. Estimate your greenhouse gas emissions based on your energy use. Please go to the following EPA website, and answer a few questions to get this estimate. Copy the estimated values into the tables provided on pages 3 and 4 in the attached “Instructions in Detail” document. Paste these completed tables in the “Results” section of your project report. https://www3.epa.gov/carbon-footprint-calculator/ 2. Make three graphs for the indicators of climate change (temperature, sea level, and Annual Greenhouse Gas Index) and paste them in the “Results” section of your report. The instructions for making these graphs and their websites are on pages 5 and 6 of the attached “Instructions in Detail” document. 3. Complete the “Quantitative Component” which are a few Math questions found in the attached “Quantitative Component” document and paste it into the “Quantitative” section of your report. 4. Add a picture showing participation in at least one sustainable activity this semester (e.g., recycling) to the “Experimental” section of your report. 5. Add a screenshot of your GLOBE Clouds home page to the “Experimental” section of your report. You need at least one clouds observation this semester. 6. Write a 700 to 1,500-word paper (project report) in APA style describing what the greenhouse effect is and how human activity contributes to it. The “Project Report Outline” document has the template you need to complete this report. Note: the greenhouse effect occurs when gases such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere trap heat that would otherwise escape to space. This warms the planet. 7. Before you submit your written report, you are urged to email it to the MVC Writing Center for a spelling and grammar check. This service is free, and their email address is: mvcwritingcenter@dcccd.edu 8. If you have done this project in a previous semester, then please follow the instructions in the “Project done before” document. Thank you, good luck, wish you an enjoyable project experience, and thank you for helping our planet! Semester Project: Planet Earth Instructions if project has already been done in a previous semester If you have already done this project in a previous physics course at Mountain View, then please do the following: 1. Participate in a different sustainable activity than last time. 2. In your project report, add a section (about 2 paragraphs) on clean energy sources. Clean energy sources (also called renewable or carbon-neutral energy sources) include hydroelectric, geothermal, wind, solar, waves, tides, biofuels, and hydrogen. 3. Please submit at least one GLOBE cloud observation. Instructions on how to submit a cloud observation are below. 4. Complete the three indicators of climate change graphs. For temperature, please use January as the month. You may also compare plots for temperatures in January to those in July. 5. Add a paragraph in the “Discussion” section about how the lifetime of CO 2 in the atmosphere can affect future generations. CO2 can last in our atmosphere for thousands of years, please see page 7 of the “Instructions in Detail” document for more information. OR Add a paragraph in the “Discussion” section about the implications of sea level rise. The Smithsonian Institution has useful information on this topic: https://ocean.si.edu/through-time/ancient-seas/sea-level-rise 6. Complete the extra problems related the Quantitative section given below (sea level rise). Paste these extra problems to the remaining questions and answers in the quantitative section. Make sure you have answered all the questions in the quantitative section, since some questions may have changed, or new questions may have been added. 7. Complete all the other sections of the semester project as usual. You may reuse the parts you have already completed. See item 8 below for more information. 8. How to write the new report: you can edit your previous project report to reflect the new things you learned from your research this semester. This means, you do not need to rewrite the entire project, you 1 can edit the relevant parts of it to update your report. You can add additional in-text citations, and references as necessary. Also, please feel free to explore any additional topics you may have learned about and got interested in while working on your project this semester. Make sure you incorporate the instructor’s corrections and comments from your graded report from last semester. After you have done these things, your report will be a more informative, improved version of your previous report. 9. Please have your project checked for language, spelling, and grammar by the MVC Writing Center: mvcwritingcenter@dcccd.edu Quantitative component extra problem on sea level rise The graph above (thick black wavy line) shows the change in average global sea level since 1880. 2 Q1. If the sea level in the year 1910 was 0 meters, and the level in year 1980 was 0.15 meters. What is the average rate of change in the sea level per year in the units of meters/year, between the years 1910 and 1980? Hint: find the slope of the thick black line. Please show your calculations. Answer: Q2. If the sea level for any year (t) can be found using the following equation: h = 0.0021(t) – 4.011 where h is the sea level in meters, and t is the year. What will the sea level be (in meters), in the years listed below? Hint: substitute the year in place of t in the above equation and calculate h. a) 2000? b) 2050? c) 2150? Answer: Please show your calculations References 1. Odenwald, S. (n.d.). Space Math @ NASA. Retrieved from https://spacemath.gsfc.nasa.gov/SpaceMath.html GLOBE observer program. NASA is doing research on changes in our atmosphere. As part of this research, NASA is studying the differences between clouds and aerosols (particles in the atmosphere such as dust, chemicals, and smoke). NASA needs your help with this research. The procedure is simple and does not take much time. 1. Download and install the GLOBE Observer app on your smartphone at: https://observer.globe.gov/about/get-the-app You can search for this app on your phone’s app store. 3 2. After you download the app, register yourself as a user using your email address and location. Start the app and submit observations of clouds in the sky. The app will guide you with what needs to be done step by step. You will need to select the types of clouds seen, the weather conditions, etc. There is a cloud identification chart to help (please see below). The data you submit will be used by NASA to study how our atmosphere is changing. Tips on how to submit observations are available at the following website: https://www.globe.gov/web/s-cool/home/observation-and-reporting/globe-observer-tipsand-tricks You can submit up to 10 observations per day. At the end of the semester, take a picture/screen capture of the total observations you made on your phone, and add it to the “Experimental section” of your semester project report. The number of total observations is available on the Clouds home page. To get to this number, you would need to open your app, then click on “Clouds.” The number of observations made will be listed inside the small white picture of a cloud at the top of this home page. More information is available at these links: https://observer.globe.gov/do-globe-observer/clouds/making-cloud-observations https://observer.globe.gov/ https://www.globe.gov/documents/348614/24331082/GLOBE+Cloud+Chart https://www.globe.gov/web/s-cool/home/family-cloud-resources/family-cloud-challenge 4 The following NOVA website has fun videos and games where you can learn about clouds. There are also hundreds of pictures of clouds for you to practice identifying them. If you do not want to register with your information, you can access this website using the “Guest Pass” option. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/labs/lab/cloud/ Thank you, good luck, and wish you an enjoyable project experience! 5 PHYS Course, Section: ___ Semester, Year Name: Partner’s name(s): Please put “Worked alone” if you did not have a partner and worked alone. Have you completed this project before in a previous semester? _____ If so, please give the course, semester, and year: ______ This is the document you need to submit. Please follow the prompts in this document to complete the required sections. After you finish, please remove the prompts, but leave the section headings in place. It is recommended that you use the same font style used this document (Arial, 12 size, black font color, 1.5 line spacing). Save your completed report and submit it on eCampus as a .docx or .pdf file. After you submit, please make sure it can be opened on eCampus. Note: this project seeks to evaluate your personal writing, quantitative, critical thinking, speaking etc. skills. It is therefore an individual effort. The parts where you can collaborate with your group partner are some parts of the Experimental component, your carbon footprints and remedial actions. Title (add title in title case here) Introduction Background information; include science concepts related to the project. Include in-text citations in APA style (Last names of authors, Year) to support your statements. Mention what the greenhouse effect is, and how it causes climate change. You can include how human activity contributes to the greenhouse effect and climate change. Include references to support your statements. The MVC library can help you with this. https://www.mountainviewcollege.edu/services/academicsupport/library/pages/default.aspx Materials needed List the materials needed to do this project. For example, list of websites in APA style, other resources that are needed, etc. An example is: Carbon Footprint Calculator (Environmental Protection Agency, 2016). 1 Procedure Briefly describe in a few lines the procedure for the project. This should give the newcomer a fairly good idea about how to do your project. Step-by-step instructions are easier for the newcomer to follow. Results Paste carbon footprint tables here. Write a few words describing what the tables are in the table caption/legend. For examples and explanations about captions, please see: http://abacus.bates.edu/~ganderso/biology/resources/writing/HTWtablefigs.html Paste your indicators of climate change graphs here. Write a few words describing what the graphs are in their figure captions. List any other important results or outcomes. Discussion In one or two paragraphs, interpret and clarify your results for the reader. Discuss, and highlight what you think are the important outcomes/lessons learned from your project. What is the significance of these lessons/outcomes, why should we make not…
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